STUDI NUMERIK PENGARUH LEBAR SPESIMEN TERHADAP SIFAT TARIK AISI 1010 MENGACU PADA ASTM E8
Keywords:
AISI 1010, ASTM E8, Metode Elemen Hingga, Uji Tarik, StrukturAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi lebar spesimen terhadap sifat mekanik tarik baja karbon rendah AISI 1010 melalui pendekatan simulasi numerik berbasis metode elemen hingga (Finite Element Analysis/FEA) menggunakan perangkat lunak Ansys Workbench. Spesimen uji tarik dimodelkan dalam bentuk dog-bone sesuai standar ASTM E8 dengan dua variasi lebar daerah ukur, yaitu 6 mm (sub-size specimen) dan 12.5 mm (standard specimen). Parameter material dimasukkan berdasarkan data sifat mekanik AISI 1010, sedangkan pembebanan diberikan dalam bentuk kendali perpindahan aksial pada ujung penjepit. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa spesimen dengan lebar 12.5 mm memiliki tegangan maksimum dan deformasi plastis yang lebih tinggi serta distribusi regangan yang lebih homogen dibandingkan spesimen 6 mm. Sebaliknya, spesimen berlebar 6 mm cenderung mengalami konsentrasi regangan pada daerah transisi fillet–gage sehingga kekuatan tarik yang diperoleh lebih rendah. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pemilihan lebar spesimen sesuai standar ASTM E8 berperan penting dalam memperoleh hasil uji tarik yang representatif dan akurat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memperkuat pemahaman mengenai pengaruh geometri spesimen terhadap karakterisasi sifat mekanik material serta menjadi rujukan bagi penelitian dan pengujian lanjutan yang menggunakan pendekatan simulasi numerik.
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