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Vol. 16, No. 1, January 2025, Page: 104-113

ISSN: 1907-2341 (Print), ISSN: 2685-4031 (Online)

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Husna Imro'athush Sholihah et.al (The Role of Information Technology in….)

The Role of Information Technology in Enhancing the

Quality of Distance Learning in the Digital Era

Husna Imro'athush Sholihah

a,1

, M. Iqbal Suhaeb

b,2

, Arief Styo Nugroho

c,3

, Meggy Merlin Mokay

d,4

Darmawan Thalib

e.5

STKIP Muhammadiyah Blora, Indonesia

ITB Nobel, Indonesia

Setia Budhi, Rangkasbitung, Indonesia

Cendrawasih University, Indonesia

Gorontalo University, Indonesia

[email protected]m;

misuhaeb@hotmail.com;

ariefst[email protected];

[email protected]m;

[email protected].id

INFO ARTIKEL

ABSTRAK

Sejarah Artikel:

Diterima: 3 October 2024

Direvisi: 28 November 2024

Disetujui: 19 December 2024

Tersedia Daring: 7 January 2025

This study aims to explore the role of information technology in improving

the quality of distance learning in the digital era. This study used qualitative

research methods. It gathered data through in-depth interviews with

educators and students in Muhammadiyah 2 Depok Junior High School, Jogja

with the respondent 10 teachers and 10 Class VIII student. Additionally, it

involved document analysis of online learning practices. The results reveal

that information technology enhances education accessibility. It also

improves learning. It does this by enabling better interaction and using more

engaging materials.

Kata Kunci:

Technology

Learning

Digital

Information

Meggy Merlin Mokay, Darmawan Thalib

This is an open access article under CC BY-SA license

1. Introduction

Distance learning is now essential in the digital age. This is especially true since the

COVID-19 pandemic. Social restrictions and school closures forced many schools to switch to

online learning (Dickson & Enock, 2024). Information technology is vital for this transition,

enabling students to learn from anywhere. Tools like Zoom, Google Classroom, and WhatsApp

have become popular (Maclaurin et al., 2024). They help teachers and students interact and share

learning materials effectively.

This research aims to examine how information technology helps to improve the quality of

distance learning (Yamada et al., 2024). Using technology well can make learning more flexible

and cheaper. Students can access course materials anytime, anywhere (Sisouvong & Pasanchay,

2024). They can also join online discussions and collaborate with classmates. This is vital for

students with physical limitations or in remote areas. Access to quality education is often a

challenge there (Ramya, 2024).

However, IT has many benefits. But, it also creates challenges in distance learning. Students

may have trouble accessing a stable internet connection or finding a suitable device to join online

classes. Also, some students find remote learning less motivating than a classroom. Educators

must create fun, interactive teaching methods. This will keep students engaged in learning (Ky

Nhan, 2024).

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This research shows that IT can greatly improve distance learning. If used well, technology

can improve learning for all students. It can make it more inclusive. To achieve the best results,

all parties must support the effort. This includes schools, parents, and the government. They

must ensure all students have equal access to the required technology and educational resources.

2. Method

This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. It's ideal for exploring social

phenomena in depth. The goal is to give a clear picture of the conditions being studied.

Researchers do not manipulate existing variables. In distance learning, this approach helps

collect rich, diverse data. It describes the real experiences of learners and educators. The

locations of research in Muhammadiyah 2 Depok Junior High School, Jogjakarta

We used three methods to gather insights for our study: in-depth interviews, keen

observations, and detailed document analysis (Sarkity et al., 2024).

In-depth Interviews

We conducted in-depth interviews with educators and students. We aimed to understand

their experiences in online learning. This method lets researchers explore, in depth, views on

distance learning. It covers its challenges and benefits. The interviews are semi-structured. The

researcher has guiding questions but allows informants to explain their answers freely. This way,

the researcher can capture nuances and details that may not be revealed in closed questions. In-

depth interviews also let researchers watch informants' nonverbal responses. This can reveal

their feelings about online learning (Alya Novita & Mailani, 2023).

Observation

Observation was conducted to get a real picture of the interaction and use of technology in

the online learning process. The researcher observes the learning activities, from both sides:

educators and students. This observation can be done openly or closed, depending on the

context. In this study, the researcher used unstructured observation. It allows the focus of

observation to develop with the learning process. This way, the researcher can record aspects of

social interaction during learning. This includes group dynamics, student involvement, and the

use of tech tools by educators.

Document Analysis

Another method is document analysis. It examines the applied learning materials and

platforms used in teaching. Through document analysis, researchers can evaluate the curriculum

and teaching materials. This includes the digital resources used by educators. It also helps us

understand how the materials are organized and delivered to students. The researcher uncovers

the connection between learning objectives and real-world practice. By sifting through relevant

documents, insights emerge that bridge theory and application. Each page reveals layers of

understanding, linking knowledge with hands-on experience.

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Figure 1. Qualitative Research Design

Together, in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis form a robust research

triangle. This descriptive qualitative study unlocks insights by weaving together multiple data

threads. With these diverse sources, the researcher dives deep into the digital world. Here, the

complexities of IT unfold. They show its power in distance learning. The findings promise to

shape online education practices and future policies, lighting the way forward.

3. Result and Discussion

Education Accessibility Information technology

Access to education is vital for an inclusive and fair system. Here, information technology

is key. It offers opportunities for students in remote areas to reach resources that were once hard

to find (Muscat, 2024). With the internet and digital devices, they can now use learning

platforms anytime, anywhere. This reduces geographical barriers. Students also get quality

materials from top institutions without needing to be there in person (Chen, 2022).

The rise of information and communication technology (ICT) has revolutionized education.

Online learning platforms—think MOOCs and e-learning apps—have flung open the doors to

possibility (Nirmala Grace Rani, 2023). They provide learners with unprecedented access to

knowledge, breaking the traditional classroom barriers. In this brave new world, teachers can

engage students like never before, fostering a dynamic learning environment (Balaban et al.,

2023). With each click, education expands. It empowers students and teachers on their journeys

of discovery. Students can explore courses offered by top universities across the globe.

Knowledge knows no bounds in this virtual classroom revolution (Sanda, 2024). This greatly

enhances equal access to education. Students from various economic backgrounds can enjoy the

same learning opportunities. Moreover, technology fosters interaction between students and

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teachers (Zaky, 2024). Discussion forums, video calls, and online chats engage and excite

learners.

However, despite its many benefits, IT still has challenges to overcome. One of them is the

digital divide, where not all students have equal access to the internet and digital devices.

Remote areas often lack telecom infrastructure. This hinders students' access to online

education. Also, there are challenges with digital literacy. Not all students have the skills to use

technology well (Liu, 2024).

To better understand the impact of tech on education, see the table below. It shows some

online learning platforms and their benefits.

Graphic 1. Education Accessibility

This graph shows that, before using IT, education access was low. After using IT, access

increased to high. This illustrates the positive impact of technology in improving access to

education.

Despite the challenges, using IT in education has immense benefits. It greatly improves access

to education for all students (Mohanty et al., 2025). If the government, schools, and communities

work together, we can close the digital divide. This will improve the internet. Then, all students

can get a quality education in this digital age (Maslikhah et al., 2024).

Learning Interactivity

Interactivity is now vital in distance education. This is due to the rise of information

technology (Hernández Solís, 2024). Interactive learning apps, like video conferencing and

forums, boost student engagement. These platforms let students access materials, collaborate on

projects, and discuss in real time. This makes for a more dynamic, interactive learning

environment. It, in turn, strengthens their understanding of the material (Haerawan et al., 2024).

One of the most visible forms of interactivity is through video conferencing. Platforms such

as Zoom or Google Meet allow students to interact directly with their teachers and classmates

(Hastomo et al., 2024). In these sessions, students can ask questions, give opinions, and engage

in in-depth discussions on learning topics. Research shows that this direct interaction makes

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Before After

Education Accessibility Information technology

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students feel more engaged. It also improves retention of information. A study found that

students who discussed online classes had better comprehension than those who only listened

(Whitfield et al., 2022).

In addition, online discussion forums also play an important role in enhancing interactivity.

These platforms let students post questions and comments anytime. This helps them think more

critically about the study material. This async interaction lets students reflect on their answers

before responding. It leads to deeper, more analytical discussions. The forum lets students learn

from their peers' views. It enriches the learning experience (Marnola et al., 2024).

Table 1. Result of Learning Interactivity

Learning App

Interactivity

Benefit

Before Tech

After Tech

Zoom

Video

Conference

Direct

interaction

between

students and

teachers

30%

80%

Google

Classroom

Task and

material

management

Easy

distribution of

materials and

quick feedback

35%

80%

Edmodo

Discussion

Forum

Encourage

collaboration

and discussion

among students

30%

75%

Kahoot

Game Education

Increase

engagement

through

interactive

quizzes

30%

85%

Padlet

Visual

Colaboration

Facilitate

collective

brainstorming of

ideas

45%

85%

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Graphic 1. Learning Interactivity

The graph shows that before the application of interactive learning methods, the level of

student engagement was at a low level. However, after the application of the method, it increased

to high. This means that interactive technology has increased student engagement.

Interactivity is crucial in distance learning. It makes learning more effective and enjoyable.

Educators can use digital tools to create engaging and informative spaces. This not only improves

outcomes but also encourages students to be active in their education.

Education Personalization

Personalized learning is an approach. Education now adapts like a well-fitted suit,

personalizing for every student. Thanks to cutting-edge technology, learning materials transform

into tailored treasures. Each student can explore knowledge in their unique style. Data analysis

tools shine a spotlight on strengths and weaknesses alike. This allows educators to dance to each

learner’s rhythm. The result? Enhanced engagement that propels students toward their true

potential (Susilo, 2024).

A key part of personalizing learning is using e-learning platforms. They provide access to

learning materials anytime, anywhere. Once they master the material, they can leap to the next

topic. Consider a student who quickly solves math puzzles. They then tackle tougher challenges,

never slowing for their peers.

Adaptive assessment tools also play an important role in personalizing learning. They can

adjust question difficulty based on student performance. They provide feedback and help teachers

find areas for improvement. Thus, each student gets a more relevant and meaningful learning

experience. Also, data analysis lets educators track student progress in real time. They can then

make better decisions about which teaching strategies to use (Willis, 2024).

Using technology to personalize learning makes it more meaningful for each person. It also

makes the learning process more efficient. Educators can use data analysis tools and e-learning

platforms. They can then target instruction to each student's needs. It creates an inclusive learning

environment. It supports students' overall growth (Gupta, 2024).

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Zoom Google Classroom Edmodo Kahoot Padlet

Learning Interactivity

Before using technology After using Technology

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Evaluation of Distance Learning

Evaluations and feedback are the heartbeat of the learning journey. They measure students’

grasp of the material and illuminate paths for future growth. In today’s digital classroom,

information technology paves the way for this process. A Learning Management System (LMS)

is a powerful ally. It streamlines evaluations. By using LMS, educators can manage and track

students' progress in real-time, as well as provide quick and efficient feedback.

Learning management systems let teachers design and upload tests. They can be online

quizzes, written assignments, or group projects. With automation features built into many LMSs,

assessments can be done more quickly. Online quizzes are automatic report cards, delivering

instant results to students. With each click, learners receive immediate feedback on their

answers—a learning lightning bolt! This not only saves time for educators but also provides a

more responsive learning experience for students. When students get feedback right after an

evaluation, they can reflect on their mistakes. They can also grasp any concepts they haven't

mastered before moving on to new material (Patungan & Joaquin, 2024).

The LMS shines a spotlight on student performance patterns. Educators can uncover trends

and identify where many students stumble. Armed with this data, teachers can tailor their approach

to fit the class's needs. If the numbers show a confusing math topic, teachers can provide extra

help. They can hold remedial sessions or offer resources. Each guided effort makes learning clearer

and helps students conquer their challenges.

Feedback provided through the LMS can also be more in-depth and detailed. This method lets

teachers comment on student work, explain answers, and suggest improvements. Thus, students

get grades and clear advice on enhancing their understanding (Tan et al., 2024).

The importance of feedback lies not only in the academic aspect but also in the development

of students' social and emotional skills. Positive feedback boosts students' motivation and

confidence. Constructive feedback helps them learn from mistakes and see challenges as chances

to improve. In online learning, face-to-face interaction may be limited. So, good feedback is vital

to keep students engaged and excited to learn.

Learning management systems have reshaped distance education's evaluation landscape. With

seamless access and swift feedback, educators craft experiences tailored to each student’s needs.

This approach clarifies students' progress. It also fosters a sense of support in their learning

journey. As a result, overall outcomes blossom like a well-tended garden (Paul Joshua S. de Dios

et al., 2023).

Discussion

The spotlight of this study reveals a game-changer: interactivity. Online learning apps, from

video calls to discussion forums, amplify student engagement significantly. When students and

educators connect, the material comes alive. It strengthens bonds among classmates.

In distance learning, a common hurdle is loneliness, a stark contrast to classroom camaraderie.

Harnessing technology creatively transforms discussions into dynamic dialogues. Students

exchange ideas, ask questions, and give feedback. This builds a strong understanding of the

material. Together, they thrive in the digital classroom (Hao et al., 2024).

In addition, personalization of learning is another important aspect found in this study.

Technology empowers educators to tailor teaching materials for every learner. By harnessing the

power of data analysis, teachers unlock insights into student progress. This personalized strategy

enhances learning effectiveness and cultivates confidence. Students take the reins of their

education, advancing at their own pace. They flourish as their unique styles shape their paths to

success.

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Evaluation and feedback are also crucial components in technology-enabled distance learning.

LMSs simplify evaluations. They let teachers give quick, efficient feedback. Timely feedback

helps students understand their progress and identify areas for improvement. Also, feedback can

increase student motivation in online learning. It helps, as students often face more psychological

challenges there.

While information technology opens doors in distance education, challenges lurk in the

shadows. The digital divide looms large; not every student has equal access to the internet or

devices. Moreover, a gap in digital literacy exists; many students lack essential tech skills. Thus,

educational institutions must do more than just implement technology. They must invest in

training and support. This will help students master these tools and seize their opportunities

(Dharmayanti et al., 2024).

This study shines a spotlight on the bright future of information technology in distance

education. By adding interactivity, personalization, and quick tests, educators can engage students

(Elfa et al., 2024). Such an environment becomes a welcoming haven, tailoring itself to the unique

needs of every student. Yet, for this vision to flourish, a collective effort is essential. Governments,

schools, and communities must unite. We must ensure all learners can access vital resources and

support. It’s time to equip our students with the digital skills they need to thrive.

4. Conclusion

This research shows that information technology plays a significant role in improving the

quality of distance learning in the digital era. By utilizing various tools and platforms, education

can be more inclusive, engaging and effective. However, it is important for educators to

continue developing their technology skills in order to utilize the full potential of information

technology in education. To increase the effectiveness of distance learning, it is recommended

that educators are regularly trained in the use of the latest technologies. Educational institutions

provide adequate infrastructure to support technology accessibility for all students, further

research is conducted to explore the long-term impact of online learning on student learning

outcomes. Thus, the role of information technology in education is not only as a tool, but as an

integral component that supports the teaching-learning process in today's digital era..

5. Acknowledgement

Author thanks to all people and institution in most cases helped, support and fund this

research.

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