Academy of Education Journal

Vol. 15, No. 2, July 2024, Page: 1272-1277

ISSN: 1907-2341 (Print), ISSN: 2685-4031 (Online)

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Bebi Arifah Aldis et.al (The Concept of Just and Civilized Humanity in….)

arifahaldis@gmail.com;

1. Introduction

Indonesia was founded as a country with Pancasila as the basis of its ideology, which

began to collide with religion, especially Islam. The determination of the basis of the Indonesian

state in the form of Pancasila has gone through a very long historical stage. Muslims at that time

had also attempted to enter their ego-theology into the basic realm of the state. However, history

proves that this cannot be done because of the diverse elements of the country's citizens. With

mutual consideration because the heroes who fought for this nation were not just Muslims. Thus,

a bull's head and; The fifth principle has the symbols of rice and cotton. In this case the author

will discuss the second principle related to this article.

According to Nurdiaman and Setijo, the concept of just and civilized humanity implies

that the Indonesian people are recognized and treated in accordance with their dignity and worth

as creatures created by the Almighty God, with the same degrees, rights and obligations without

distinction between religion, ethnicity, race and descendants. (Brilliant Firdaus, Rusliansyah

Anwar, 2020). These two principles of Pancasila contain the values of equality as well as

obligations and rights, love, respect, courage to defend truth and justice, tolerance and mutual

cooperation (Hadi Rianto: 2016) . Justice is a main characteristic in Islamic teachings with every

Muslim having the same rights and obligations. Justice is applied in every aspect of life, with the

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in their proper place, while civility means having attitudes and behavior that are in accordance

with the nature of a virtuous human being. This second concept has an important meaning in life,

including in philosophy, law and religion (Rendra Widyakso, 2019).

Humanity is recognizing and respecting the value and dignity of every individual as a

human being, including human rights such as the right to life, freedom, security and the right to

receive fair treatment without discrimination. Fairness means ensuring that everyone is treated

equally and fairly, and gets their rights proportionally. Justice also means providing rights in

accordance with the obligations and roles of each individual in society. Civilized means polite

behavior, upholding good values, and respecting social norms in daily interactions. Being

the truth (Zaki et al., 2022). Ibnu Qudmah, a fiqh expert from the Hanbali madzhab, said that

justice is something that is hidden, solely because of fear of Allah SWT. If justice has been

achieved, then that is a strong argument in Islam as long as there are no other arguments against

it (Dahlan, 2000).

A Professor at ICAS (Islamic College for Advanced Studies) London, Ahmad Vaezi,

stated that justice is a quality that is necessary for all forms of authority and leadership in

Imamiyah doctrine; the judges and leaders must consist of honest and competent people, even

though they are far less than those who carry out the orders of the state as a whole. More than

that, the Qur'an has taught Muslims not to tend to and collaborate with unjust people and unjust

authorities (Vaezi, 2006).

articles. Here, the author collects literature that is relevant to the topic of this article, namely just

and civilized humanity. The author also collected several literature related to just and civilized

humanity and then analyzed, interpreted and concluded the data (Moleong, 2016).

Just and civilized humanity is the 2nd principle of Pancasila which reads "Just and

Civilized Humanity". This principle means that the Indonesian nation recognizes and treats every

individual according to his or her dignity without discriminating against background, be it

religion, ethnicity or race. This precept is symbolized by a gold chain consisting of interlocking

links, symbolizing the relationship between humans and each other who help each other (Hadi

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Distributive justice is justice that is given to each person based on their services or distribution

Justice is a universal value. Islam recognizes and respects the legitimate rights of every

person and protects his freedom, honor, blood and property by upholding truth and justice among

humans. Justice is one of the basic human values. Obtaining justice is a human right for every

human being. Fairness is impartiality, honesty, impartiality and equality. Justice contains

elements of honesty, straightness, sincerity that is not biased (Ministry of Religion, 2010).

Currently, many people do not practice the second principle, namely "just and civilized

humanity", such as rampant violence and increasingly widespread violations of human rights and

humane, which means that every decision and action is always based on noble values, politeness

and decency (MPR Leadership, 2009). Not one-sided and impartial, meaning that it does not

exceed or reduce what is reasonable (National, 2005). Take sides and adhere to the truth (Salim,

2002). Just like a leader who enforces the law to his people. A just leader is one who punishes

his people who make mistakes and acquits his innocent people. In this case the leader has acted

fairly because he put truth and evil in their proper place. In the Qur'an, Allah SWT has said that

someone who wants to determine the law must determine it fairly.

In the Qur'an, the meaning of justice is not only mentioned by the word al-'adl. As nouns,

there are at least two words that mean fair, namely al 'adl itself and al-qist. Al-'adl comes from

the word 'adl and al-qist comes from the word qist (Raharjo, 1996). In the Qur'an, the word al-

or just people (Kholifah, 2022).

Some human actions are good and some are bad. Sometimes an action is considered good

by one person, but is considered bad by another person. Fortunately, humans have reason and

feelings to be able to sort out whether actions are good or bad. Basically, the assessment of an

action is relative, this is due to differences in the benchmarks used for the assessment. The

differences in benchmarks are caused by differences in religion, belief, way of thinking,

ideology, environment and so on (Pandang, 2017). Many people take the 2nd principle of

Pancasila which says just and civilized humanity for granted, there are negative impacts when

not implementing the 2nd principle of Pancasila, such as violations of the rights and obligations

of a group of people who can freely take the rights of other people and not carry out their

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is not sectoral but includes ideology. Fairness in prosperity and prosperity is something that

forms a prosperous society. (Tahir, 2021).

"Indeed, Allah commands you to convey trust to those who are entitled to receive it, and

when you determine laws between people, you must determine them fairly. Indeed, Allah

is all-hearing and all-seeing.”

Trust is a responsibility delegated to another party to be safeguarded and returned to its

owner when the time comes or is requested. Trust is the opposite of betrayal, and is only given

to people who are considered capable of maintaining it well. Quraish Shihab believes that

religion views trust as the foundation of faith. This is confirmed in the words of the Prophet

SAW, "There is no faith for those who do not have trust. According to Quraish Shihab, Allah

told us that if we determine a law between humans, whether there is a dispute between humans

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In QS An Nisa verse 58 it is also explained regarding justice. "And when you punish

among people, let you punish fairly."This is the second point of developing the government that

Islam desires. First, is handing over the trust to the experts. Carrying officials who are able to

carry it. Second, is upholding justice. Just laws, not unjust ones. Law holders should remember

the original source of law, namely God's law, and enforce it. By maintaining these two, prosperity

will be achieved. According to experts, the Amanah is divided into three parts, namely; First, a

servant's trust in his Lord means carrying out His commands and avoiding His prohibitions and

submitting oneself to be close to Allah. Second, trust in fellow servants of Allah, including the

trust of scholars to lead many people. Breaking the law is a traitor, revealing state secrets to the

The difference between Tafsir Al Azhar and Tafsir Al Misbah is

Quraish Shihab focuses more on trust and justice as part of the government that Islam

desires.

and tafshilli while Quraish Shihab focuses more on detailed and contextual analysis of

verses

Koran, while Quraish Shihab focuses more on detailed and contextual analysis of verses.

principle, which is the basis that Indonesia highly upholds human values. It is also not in

accordance with the teachings of Islam, which is the religion of the majority of adherents in

Indonesia, because Islam is Rahmatal lil 'âlamîn. This verse conveys an important message that

must be understood and put into practice by Muslims. Allah SWT emphasizes the importance of

maintaining trust, which includes all forms of trust, responsibility and commitment given to

someone. This includes trust in religious matters and worldly life. Allah also commands humans

to uphold justice when deciding marriages between humans, whether marriages that are at odds

or at peace, by determining fair punishment in accordance with Allah's teachings, without taking

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Firdaus, B., & Anwar, R. (2020). Understanding human values in the second principle. BINUS

University. May .

Hamka. (1990). Tafsir Al-Azhar. Volume 1. Singapore: National Library PTE LTD Singapore.

Hayati, SM Leadership Relations in Tafsir Al-Azhar (Analytical Study of the Munasabah of the

Qur'an). An-Nur Journal , 11 (2), 80-87.

ETHICAL THOUGHT AND ISLAMIC AND HUMANITARIAN MYSTICISM.

CURIOSITY: Social and Religious Communication Media , 10 (1), 1–18.