Notary Deeds as Evidence in Civil Courts
Proof Strength and Notary Responsibility Due to Cancellation of Deeds by The Court in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47200/awtjhpsa.v6i1.3751Keywords:
Notarial Deed, Power of Proof, Civil Court, Cancellation of Deed, Notary's ResponsibilitiesAbstract
A notarial deed is written evidence that has the status of an authentic deed and has perfect evidentiary power as regulated in Article 1868 of the Civil Code in conjunction with Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary. In civil court practice, a notarial deed is often used as the main evidence to resolve civil disputes because it is considered to contain external, formal, and material truth. This article aims to analyze the evidentiary power of a notarial deed as evidence in civil courts and to formulate the parameters of a notary's responsibility after the deed is annulled by the court. The research uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach, with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The results of the study indicate that the evidentiary power of a notarial deed is perfect but not absolute, because the court still has the authority to assess the formal and material validity of the deed based on the facts revealed in court so that the deed can remain valid, be degraded to a private deed, or be declared null and void. The notary's responsibility does not arise automatically from every cancellation of the deed, but can only be imposed if there is evidence of error, negligence, or abuse of authority committed by the notary in carrying out his/her duties, while cancellations caused by false statements or documents from the parties are the responsibility of the parties concerned.
Downloads
References
Aditya, M. A., Sudarti, E., & Siregar, E. (2026). Rekonstruksi Kerangka Hukum Penyadapan Di Peradilan Pidana Indonesia Berasas Due Process Of Law. Nuansa Akademik: Jurnal Pembangunan Masyarakat, 11(1), 227–238. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Jnajpm.V11i1.3568
Al-Zawahreh, M. M., & Abdaljwad, S. A. (2026). Civil Liability Provisions Of The Notary Public In Electronic Transactions: A Comparative Study (Pp. 2663–2676). Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/978-3-031-89771-9_190
Andriawan, H., & Ali, M. (2024). Legal Issues Against The Enforcement Of Court Determination Granting Objections Of Parties In Good Faith. Jurnal Ius Constituendum, 9(3), 530–541. Https://Doi.Org/10.26623/Jic.V9i3.10414
Arben, A., & Shandy Utama, A. (2024). Kedudukan Akta Notaris Sebagai Akta Autentik Dalam Hukum Perdata Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris. Andrew Law Journal, 3(1), 1–11. Https://Doi.Org/10.61876/Alj.V3i1.26
Arimba, C. I. (2024). Hans Kelsen’s Nomostatics And Nomodinamics Legal Theory. Justice Voice, 2(2), 55–63. Https://Doi.Org/10.37893/Jv.V2i2.773
Bisyir, D. A., & Putra, M. F. M. (2023). Legal Aspects Of The Value Of Evidence In Notary Deed. Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 17(4), 2632. Https://Doi.Org/10.35931/Aq.V17i4.2369
Catur, R. (2023). Comparison Of Legal System Related To Implementation Of Cyber Notary In Indonesia With Common Law And Civil Law System. Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Bonum Commune, 41–52. Https://Doi.Org/10.30996/Jhbbc.V6i1.7108
Dewantara, Y. P., Hadi, M. C., & Tedjokusumo, D. D. (2024). Kekuatan Pembuktian Akta Otentik Dalam Perspektif Hukum Acara Perdata (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 656 Pk/Pdt/2019). Paradigma: Jurnal Filsafat, Sains, Teknologi, Dan Sosial Budaya, 30(3).
Dewi, E. D., Samosir, T., & Harlina, I. (2025). The Panel Of Judges’ Rationale For The Annulment Of A Land Grant Deed Due To An Unlawful Act By The Inheritor: A Case Study Of Decision Number 175/Pdt.G/2023/Pn Kpn. Sign Jurnal Hukum, 7(1), 92–111. Https://Doi.Org/10.37276/Sjh.V7i1.423
Farah, N. T., Afdawaiza, A., Razik, A. S., Makky, A. A. A., & Sajid, D. I. B. (2026). Fiqh Muamalah Analysis Of Paylater Systems: Behavioral Control, Impulse Buying, And Sharia Compliance. Ulumuddin: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 16(1), 319–334. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Ulumuddin.V16i1.3612
Farah, N. T., Bawono, A., Risanti, N., Fajar, S. A., Mata, A. S., & Pita, A. F. (2026). Digitalization, Financial Development, And Institutional Quality On Asean Economic Growth. Nuansa Akademik: Jurnal Pembangunan Masyarakat, 11(1), 319–338. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Jnajpm.V11i1.3598
Fikri, E. D. (2024). Legal Consequences Of A Notary Cooperating With A Service Bureau. Wijaya Putra Law Review, 3.
Gandžalová, D. (2024). The Importance Of Taking Evidence As Part Of The Court Proceedings. Legestic, 2, 7–15. Https://Doi.Org/10.5219/Legestic.8
Gusarov, K., Oleksandrivna Shchokina, O., Mykolayivna Cherevatenko, I., Viktorivna Kolisnyk, O., & Leonidivna Kolomiets, Y. (2023). Preventive Function Of A Notary In The Legal System Of Society. Documenta & Instrumenta - Documenta Et Instrumenta, 21, 111–126. Https://Doi.Org/10.5209/Docu.88106
Hanaan, & Anwary, I. (2025). Kekuatan Pembuktian Akta Otentik Yang Mengalami Penurunan Status Menjadi Akta Di Bawah Tangan. Jurnal Iso: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik Dan Humaniora, 5(1), 9. Https://Doi.Org/10.53697/Iso.V5i1.2704
Hartawan, I. E., Handayani, P., & Bhakti, R. T. A. (2024). Legal Foundations And Implications Of Civil Deeds Of Settlement In The Indonesian Legal System. Lex Publica, 11(1), 1–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.58829/Lp.11.1.2024.210
Heriyanti, Tanjaya, W., & Sari, H. P. (2026). Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Kekeliruan Dalam Akta Autentik Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Keabsahan Perjanjian Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 628 K/Pdt/2020. Unes Journal Of Swara Justisia, 9(4), 623–630. Https://Doi.Org/10.31933/Ta7yjf27
Illiyyin, D. Z., & Octarina, N. F. (2023). Peran Notaris Dalam Menciptakan Kepastian Hukum Bagi Investor. Jurnal Civic Hukum, 8, 19.
Indonesia. (2014). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (Burgerlijk Wetboek). Pradnya Paramita.
Iriantoro, A. (2022). Position, Tenure And Responsibility Of The Notary In Carrying Out The Position Of Notary. Protection: Journal Of Land And Environmental Law, 1(2), 97–105. Https://Doi.Org/10.38142/Pjlel.V1i2.515
Januardi. (2022). Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Pembatalan Akta Disebabkan Penyalahgunaan Keadaan (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Dki Jakarta Nomor 303/Pdt/2019/Pt Dki). Indonesian Notary, 4(1).
Khaerunnisa, A., Alam, F., & Apriliya, A. (2025). A Review Of Notarial Studies In The Faculty Of Law: Preparing Students For The Legal Profession. Journal Social Civilecial, 3(1), 11–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.71435/610507
Korua, J. M., Taroreh, R. A., Nacrawy, N., & Taroreh, V. F. (2025). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Kreditur: Tinjauan Komparatif Undang-Undang Tentang Fidusia Dan Hak Tanggungan. Nuansa Akademik: Jurnal Pembangunan Masyarakat, 10(2), 625–638. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Jnajpm.V10i2.3211
Lestari, F. A. (2025). Criminal Liability For Notaries Those Involved In Document Forgery. Jilpr Journal Indonesia Law And Policy Review, 7(1), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.56371/Jirpl.V7i1.514
Maulida, F., & Faisal, A. (2025). Relationship Between The Responsibility Of A Notary On Leave And The Replacement Notary. Jilpr Journal Indonesia Law And Policy Review, 6(3), 582–589. Https://Doi.Org/10.56371/Jirpl.V6i3.451
Maulidin, M., Santoso, F. S., Priambodo, E., Purwanto, R., & Winarni, H. (2025). Kegunaan Filsafat Ilmu Pada Pengembangan Scientific Method Dalam Ilmu Hukum. Asas Wa Tandhim: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan Dan Sosial Keagamaan, 4(1), 35–46. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Awtjhpsa.V4i1.2735
Mufasirin, A. (2022). Implikasi Hukum Terhadap Pembatalan Akta Notaris Yang Dapat Dibatalkan Menurut Hukum. Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Sultan Agung.
Munnofa, A., Istislam, & Hadisuryo, H. (2024). Legal Protection For Prospective Notaries Against Unfinished Notary Obligations When The Notary Dies. International Journal Of Islamic Education, Research And Multiculturalism (Ijierm), 6(2), 655–677. Https://Doi.Org/10.47006/Ijierm.V6i2.356
Oktasari, E. M., Hasan, U., & Syamsir, S. (2026). Pertanggungjawaban Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Akta Nominee: Analisis Putusan Pn Gianyar No. 259/Pdt.G/2020. Asas Wa Tandhim: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan Dan Sosial Keagamaan, 5(2), 435–444. Https://Doi.Org/10.47200/Awtjhpsa.V5i2.3414
Pangaribuan, A. M. (2026). Truth, Bias, And Abuse Of Power: How Indonesia’s Evidentiary Threshold Shapes Criminal Justice. The International Journal Of Evidence & Proof, 30(3), 195–218. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/13657127251389628
Paskadwi, B. M. (2022). Peran Dan Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terkait Pengenalan Penghadap Serta Akibat Hukum Atas Pembuatan Akta Autentik Oleh Notaris (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan Nomor 366/Pid.B/2021/Pn.Jkt.Sel). Jurnal Indonesian Notary, 4, 567.
Permana, B. I., Al Farizy, M. R., & Manggala, F. P. (2024). Responsibility Of Notary For Registered Private Deed In The Perspective Of Law Of Evidence. Jurnal Justiciabelen, 7(1), 66. Https://Doi.Org/10.30587/Justiciabelen.V7i1.7801
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. (2011). Penelitian Hukum. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Pradana, W., & Fakhry, F. (2024). Penerapan Legalisasi Dokumen Melalui Apostille Berdasarkan Permenkumham Nomor 6 Tahun 2022. Themis : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 1(2), 55–63. Https://Doi.Org/10.70437/Themis.V1i2.435
Putu Ayu Sriasih Wesna, & I Gusti Putu Dena Dharma Putra. (2023). Legal Consequences For Deed That Is Not Signed Before A Notary. Kertha Wicaksana, 17(1), 88–92. Https://Doi.Org/10.22225/Kw.17.1.2023.88-92
Pyarrani, D., & Burhanuddin, S. F. (2025). Peran Notaris Dalam Menjamin Keabsahan Dan Autentisitas Akta Kredit Perbankan. Jurnal Usm Law Review, 8(3), 2106–2122. Https://Doi.Org/10.26623/Julr.V8i3.10081
Randomis, A. N. (2025). Regulation Of Legal Protection For Notaries In Performing Official Duties To Ensure Legal Certainty And Justice. Interdiciplinary Journal And Hummanity (Injurity), 4(11), 969–975. Https://Doi.Org/10.58631/Injurity.V4i11.1491
Sabrina, R. R., & Musyafah, A. A. (2024). Pertanggungjawaban Notaris Dalam Kesalahan Pembuatan Akta. Jurnal Notarius, 17, 732.
Safira, A., & Putra, M. F. M. (2022). Kekuatan Pembuktian Salinan Akta Autentik Yang Dikeluarkan Oleh Notaris Pemegang Protokol. Jurnal Usm Law Review, 5(2).
Santoso, F. S., & Batubara, I. (2024). The Concept Of Justice In The Perspective Of Islamic Law: A Comparative Study With Western Legal Philosophy. At-Tasyrih: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Hukum Islam, 10(2), Article 2. Https://Doi.Org/10.55849/Attasyrih.V10i2.263
Sapriana, B., Nurwandri, A., Arofi, J., & Diana, T. (2025). Role Of Professional Ethics In Maintaining Notary Integrity In Indonesia: A Perspective Of Theory And Practice. Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (Micjo), 2(2), 1058–1066. Https://Doi.Org/10.62567/Micjo.V2i2.540
Sarapi, V. V. (2021). Analisis Yuridis Pertanggungjawaban Notaris Yang Melakukan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Dalam Pembuatan Akta Autentik. Lex Privatum, 9(2), 158.
Sari, A. N. (2022). Akibat Hukum Pembatalan Akta Notaris Oleh Pengadilan. Jurnal Education And Development, 11(1), 246–249.
Tanjaya, W., & Sari, H. P. (2026). Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Kekeliruan Dalam Akta Autentik Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Keabsahan Perjanjian Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 628 K/Pdt/2020. Unes Journal Of Swara Justisia, 9(4), 623–630.
Utarid, W. O. R. (2023). Legal Consequence Towards An Authentic Act That Was Not Ready By Notary And Not Signed Jointly By The Parties Based On Law Of Notary. International Journal Of Latin Notary, 4(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.61968/Journal.V4i1.57
Uyuni, N. L. R., & Mispansyah. (2025). Legal Protection For Notaries Involved In Criminal Cases In The Drafting Of Authentic Deeds. Jilpr Journal Indonesia Law And Policy Review, 7(1), 176–184. Https://Doi.Org/10.56371/Jirpl.V7i1.464
Wardantik, Y. E., Khoidin, & Prawesthi, W. (2023). Legal Liability For Notaries Due To The Issuance Of Authentic Deeds Resulting In State Losses. Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities, 23–38. Https://Doi.Org/10.56943/Jssh.V2i1.264
Wibowo, W. S., Najwan, J., & Bakar, F. A. (2022). Integritas Notaris Sebagai Pejabat Pembuat Akta Autentik Dalam Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris. Jurnal Recital Review, 4, 325–326.
Yamani, J., & Erliyani, R. (2025). Notaris Yang Berhenti Dari Masa Jabatannya Terkait Perkara Pidana Dalam Perspektif Perlindungan Hukum. Jurnal Iso: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik Dan Humaniora, 5(1).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Iin Hartini, Salesius Jemaru, Edward Edward
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
